Looking at the bottom question:

The circles are units. There are 8 at the top (from 48) and 4 at the bottom (from 24).

You make a little tent to hold 10 of the circles and the circles outside the tent is the unit amount for your answer. I’m this case there should be 2 left over but the question is incorrect. (this is because the homework is to check that each answer is correct or not)

Next you count the number of dashed lines, which represent the tens. Add another 10 if you made a tent around the units.

Now, why you would ever do such convoluted BS instead of just adding these number together idk. I know I’m not four years old any more, but seriously this is so much effort when you could just count on your fingers. They’ve already got the one-number-above-another addition thing going on, but it’s completely ignored…